Paleozoic and Mesozoic rooms
In the first room, fossils from the Permian limestone blocks of the Sosio valley, the last period of the Paleozoic (between 300 and 250 million years ago), are exhibited. They are fossils of animals typical of the coral reef, such as the brachiopods Richthofenia, Rhynchonella and Spirifer, sponges and calcareous algae, found in some blocks together with fossils of animals typical of pelagic environments (i.e. open sea) such as ammonoids and conodonts.
The visit continues in the room dedicated to the marine fossil associations of the Mesozoic, which are well represented in Sicily, due to the prolonged marine sedimentation. The first showcases of this room display molluscs, including gastropods and lamellibranchs and various species of the genus Megalodon, characteristic inhabitants of the lagoons located in the carbonate platforms of the Triassic.
Continuing, there are fossils from the Jurassic, a period of expansion and deepening of marine sedimentary basins, with the maximum spread of marine invertebrates such as ammonites and belemnites, cephalopods similar to today's cuttlefish. Numerous specimens of Triassic and Jurassic ammonites demonstrate the rapid evolution of this group during the Mesozoic. Among others, some specimens exclusive to the Tethys Ocean, the paleogeographic domain in which the rocks of Sicily were deposited, are exhibited.
The Cretaceous period is also represented by rocks and fossils from marine environments of the Tethys Ocean such as Rudists (lamellibranchs with unequal valves) and the varied genera of gastropods. The diorama in this room represents the diversified coral reef environment that existed in Sicily in the Cretaceous.

Cenozoic Hall
The corals of Isnello (Madonie Mountains) represent a snapshot of the marine environment in the central Mediterranean at the beginning of the Cenozoic Era, still characterised by high biodiversity and the presence of coral reefs.
During the Cenozoic Era, the first cetaceans appeared, among which the holotype of Neosqualodon gemmellaroi certainly stands out, a species so far recognised only in the Mediterranean area. The shape and structure of its teeth suggest a diet based on cephalopods. 
In the central part of the large hall, you can admire the reconstruction of the mouth of Otodus megalodon, a giant shark whose teeth were found in Miocene deposits in Sicily. Alongside it, you can see some remains of tropical fish, which were particularly abundant and common at the beginning of the Cenozoic Era.

Crystal Hall
This room illustrates a particular event in the geological history of Sicily, which occurred about 6 million years ago, when the connections between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean were interrupted, and the latter was transformed into a huge salt lake. The interruption of the connection with the Atlantic caused the evaporation of seawater and the deposition of minerals and evaporite salts.
It is this impressive phenomenon that caused the accumulation of thick layers of evaporite rocks, such as limestone, gypsum, rock salt and potassium salts.
In the display cases of this room are displayed splendid examples of crystals and rocks connected to this event (including calcite, aragonite, celestine, gypsum, salt and sulphur, from Sicilian mines). Among them, a gypsum crystal stands out, containing a drop of water from the ancient Mediterranean Sea of about 6 million years ago.
This room bears witness to the powerful influence of the geological history of a region on the economic activities of the local population, considering how important the extractive resources of the evaporitic rocks were for Sicily in the 19th century and early 20th century. A collection of equipment from the Sicilian Mining Authority, once used in the mines of the island, enriches the exhibition in this room.

Hall of Man
The room is dedicated to the testimony of the first human presence in Sicily; the most important fossil is represented by "Thea", a well-preserved and almost complete skeleton belonging to a young female who lived in the Upper Paleolithic (about 14,500 years ago). Thea was 1.64 m tall and died at the age of about 34; she had a strong skeleton and an elongated skull. The name Thea derives from the location where she was found, the "Grotta di San Teodoro", near Acquedolci (Messina). The cave has returned the remains of 7 individuals (3 females and 4 males), which show traces of a ritual burial.
In the room you can observe the reconstruction of Thea's face, created thanks to forensic anthropology protocols, and the more recent reconstruction of her appearance, by framing the QR code with the appropriate electronic device. In the room there is also a life-size diorama depicting a scene of daily life of Paleolithic populations.
In a recent competition organized by the Italian Paleontological Society, Thea was voted by the public as the most beautiful Sicilian fossil.

Hall of Elephants
This room is dedicated to the continental faunas that populated Sicily starting from the Lower Pleistocene, with the exceptional fauna found at Monte Pellegrino. The Middle Upper Pleistocene is represented by fossil remains of elephants, a peculiarity of this period, especially for the presence of small-sized species (the so-called dwarf elephants).
In addition to the reconstruction of the phylogeny of proboscideans, the exhibition room displays fossil remains of elephants of various sizes, from the powerful Palaeoloxodon antiquus to the dwarf Palaeoloxodon falconeri (about 90 cm tall); in the centre of the room stands out a complete skeleton of Palaeoloxodon mnaidriensis. A travertine brain cast of Palaeoloxodon falconeri represents a unique and exceptional sample.
Of particular interest are also a giant tortoise with its eggs (Geochelone sp.Testudininei indet.) , and an otter unique to Sicily (Lutra trinacriae); the exhibition is completed by remains of hippopotamus, deer, oxen, bison, bear, wolf, hyena, lion, all of which lived in Sicily during the Middle-Upper Pleistocene. The QR codes, scanned using a dedicated electronic device, allow us to reconstruct the appearance of the two species of dwarf elephants from Sicily.

The “Marbles of Sicily” Hall
The room displays samples of the collection of “stones” used for the construction and decoration of important historical buildings in Sicily, such as the monuments of the Arab-Norman itinerary, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and some of the churches of the Baroque period in Palermo. These rocks, extracted from geological formations dating back to the Mesozoic Era and, in some cases, the Cenozoic, come from quarries that are now exhausted. This room provides evidence of how the geological nature of a region influences the local cultural and artistic heritage, providing the raw material used in buildings of historical value.